Changes between Version 4 and Version 5 of TracModWSGI


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Timestamp:
2021-04-21T12:44:16+02:00 (4 years ago)
Author:
trac
Comment:

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  • TracModWSGI

    v4 v5  
    77== The `trac.wsgi` script
    88
    9 Trac can be run on top of mod_wsgi with the help of an application script, which is just a Python file saved with a `.wsgi` extension.
     9Trac can be run on top of mod_wsgi with the help of an application script, which is a Python file saved with a `.wsgi` extension.
    1010
    1111A robust and generic version of this file can be created using the `trac-admin <env> deploy <dir>` command which automatically substitutes the required paths, see TracInstall#cgi-bin. The script should be sufficient for most installations and users not wanting more information can proceed to [#Mappingrequeststothescript configuring Apache].
    1212
    13 If you are using Trac with multiple projects, you can specify their common parent directory using the `TRAC_ENV_PARENT_DIR` in trac.wsgi:
     13If you are using Trac with multiple projects, you can specify their common parent directory in `trac.wsgi`:
    1414{{{#!python
    1515def application(environ, start_request):
    16     # Add this to config when you have multiple projects                                             
     16    # Add this when you have multiple projects
    1717    environ.setdefault('trac.env_parent_dir', '/usr/share/trac/projects') 
    1818    ..
    1919}}}
    2020
     21Directories residing in `trac.env_parent_dir` that are not environment directories will display an error message on the [TracInterfaceCustomization#ProjectList project index page]. The directories can be excluded by listing them in a `.tracignore` file residing in `trac.env_parent_dir`. Unix [https://docs.python.org/2/library/fnmatch.html shell-style wildcard patterns] can be used in the newline separated list of directories.
     22
    2123=== A very basic script
     24
    2225In its simplest form, the script could be:
    2326
    … …  
    8083<Directory /usr/local/trac/mysite/apache>
    8184    WSGIApplicationGroup %{GLOBAL}
    82     Order deny,allow
    83     Allow from all
     85    # For Apache 2.2
     86    <IfModule !mod_authz_core.c>
     87        Order deny,allow
     88        Allow from all
     89    </IfModule>
     90    # For Apache 2.4
     91    <IfModule mod_authz_core.c>
     92        Require all granted
     93    </IfModule>
    8494</Directory>
    8595}}}
    … …  
    94104<Directory /usr/share/trac/cgi-bin>
    95105    WSGIApplicationGroup %{GLOBAL}
    96     Order deny,allow
    97     Allow from all
     106    # For Apache 2.2
     107    <IfModule !mod_authz_core.c>
     108        Order deny,allow
     109        Allow from all
     110    </IfModule>
     111    # For Apache 2.4
     112    <IfModule mod_authz_core.c>
     113        Require all granted
     114    </IfModule>
    98115</Directory>
    99116}}}
    … …  
    101118In order to let Apache run the script, access to the directory in which the script resides is opened up to all of Apache. Additionally, the `WSGIApplicationGroup` directive ensures that Trac is always run in the first Python interpreter created by mod_wsgi. This is necessary because the Subversion Python bindings, which are used by Trac, don't always work in other sub-interpreters and may cause requests to hang or cause Apache to crash. After adding this configuration, restart Apache, and then it should work.
    102119
    103 To test the setup of Apache, mod_wsgi and Python itself (ie. without involving Trac and dependencies), this simple wsgi application can be used to make sure that requests gets served (use as only content in your `.wsgi` script):
     120To test the setup of Apache, mod_wsgi and Python itself (ie without involving Trac and dependencies), this simple wsgi application can be used to make sure that requests gets served (use as only content in your `.wsgi` script):
    104121
    105122{{{#!python
    … …  
    109126}}}
    110127
    111 For more information about using the mod_wsgi specific directives, see the [http://code.google.com/p/modwsgi/wiki/ mod_wsgi's wiki] and more specifically the [http://code.google.com/p/modwsgi/wiki/IntegrationWithTrac IntegrationWithTrac] page.
     128For more information about using the mod_wsgi specific directives, see the [https://code.google.com/archive/p/modwsgi/wikis mod_wsgi's wiki] and more specifically the [https://code.google.com/archive/p/modwsgi/wikis/IntegrationWithTrac.wiki IntegrationWithTrac] page.
    112129
    113130== Configuring Authentication
    114131
    115 The following sections describe different methods for setting up authentication. See also [http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/howto/auth.html Authentication, Authorization and Access Control] in the Apache guide.
     132The following sections describe different methods for setting up authentication. See also [https://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/howto/auth.html Authentication, Authorization and Access Control] in the Apache guide.
    116133
    117134=== Using Basic Authentication
    … …  
    133150}}}
    134151
    135   ''See the man page for `htpasswd` for full documentation.''
     152See the man page for `htpasswd` for full documentation.
    136153
    137154After you've created the users, you can set their permissions using TracPermissions.
    … …  
    156173</LocationMatch>
    157174}}}
    158 Note that neither a file nor a directory named 'login' needs to exist.[[BR]]
    159 See also the [http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/mod/mod_auth_basic.html mod_auth_basic] documentation.
     175
     176Note that neither a file nor a directory named 'login' needs to exist. See also the [https://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/mod/mod_auth_basic.html mod_auth_basic] documentation.
    160177
    161178=== Using Digest Authentication
    162179
    163 For better security, it is recommended that you either enable SSL or at least use the “digest” authentication scheme instead of “Basic”.
     180For better security, it is recommended that you either enable SSL or at least use the "digest" authentication scheme instead of "Basic".
    164181
    165182You have to create your `.htpasswd` file with the `htdigest` command instead of `htpasswd`, as follows:
    … …  
    182199For multiple environments, you can use the same `LocationMatch` as described with the previous method.
    183200
    184 '''Note: `Location` cannot be used inside .htaccess files, but must instead live within the main httpd.conf file. If you are on a shared server, you therefore will not be able to provide this level of granularity. '''
     201'''Note''': `Location` cannot be used inside .htaccess files, but must instead live within the main httpd.conf file. If you are on a shared server, you therefore will not be able to provide this level of granularity.
    185202
    186203Don't forget to activate the mod_auth_digest. For example, on a Debian 4.0r1 (etch) system:
    … …  
    189206}}}
    190207
    191 See also the [http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/mod/mod_auth_digest.html mod_auth_digest] documentation.
     208See also the [https://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/mod/mod_auth_basic.html mod_auth_digest] documentation.
    192209
    193210=== Using LDAP Authentication
    194211
    195 Configuration for [http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/mod/mod_ldap.html mod_ldap] authentication in Apache is more involved (httpd 2.2.x and OpenLDAP: slapd 2.3.19).
     212Configuration for [https://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/mod/mod_ldap.html mod_ldap] authentication in Apache is more involved (httpd 2.2+ and OpenLDAP: slapd 2.3.19).
    196213
    1972141. You need to load the following modules in Apache httpd.conf:
    … …  
    219236  AuthLDAPURL "ldap://directory.example.com:3268/DC=example,DC=com?sAMAccountName?sub?(objectClass=user)"
    220237}}}
    221  You will also need to provide an account for Apache to use when checking credentials. As this password will be listed in plaintext in the config, you need to use an account specifically for this task:
     238 You will also need to provide an account for Apache to use when checking credentials. As this password will be listed in plain text in the configuration, you need to use an account specifically for this task:
    222239{{{#!apache
    223240  AuthLDAPBindDN ldap-auth-user@example.com
    … …  
    251268
    252269See also:
    253  - [http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/mod/mod_authnz_ldap.html mod_authnz_ldap], documentation for mod_authnz_ldap.   
    254  - [http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/mod/mod_ldap.html mod_ldap], documentation for mod_ldap, which provides connection pooling and a shared cache.
    255  - [http://trac-hacks.org/wiki/LdapPlugin TracHacks:LdapPlugin] for storing TracPermissions in LDAP.
     270 - [https://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/mod/mod_authnz_ldap.html mod_authnz_ldap], documentation for mod_authnz_ldap.   
     271 - [https://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/mod/mod_ldap.html mod_ldap], documentation for mod_ldap, which provides connection pooling and a shared cache.
     272 - [https://trac-hacks.org/wiki/LdapPlugin TracHacks:LdapPlugin] for storing TracPermissions in LDAP.
    256273
    257274=== Using SSPI Authentication
    258275
    259 If you are using Apache on Windows, you can use mod_auth_sspi to provide single-sign-on. Download the module from the !SourceForge [http://sourceforge.net/projects/mod-auth-sspi/ mod-auth-sspi project] and then add the following to your !VirtualHost:
     276If you are using Apache on Windows, you can use mod_auth_sspi to provide single-sign-on. Download the module from the !SourceForge [https://sourceforge.net/projects/mod-auth-sspi/ mod-auth-sspi project] and then add the following to your !VirtualHost:
    260277{{{#!apache
    261278<Location /trac/login>
    … …  
    278295See also [trac:TracOnWindows/Advanced].
    279296
    280 === Using Apache authentication with the Account Manager plugin's Login form ===
    281 
    282 To begin with, see the basic instructions for using the Account Manager plugin's [http://trac-hacks.org/wiki/AccountManagerPlugin/Modules#LoginModule Login module] and its [http://trac-hacks.org/wiki/AccountManagerPlugin/AuthStores#HttpAuthStore HttpAuthStore authentication module].
    283 
    284 '''Note:''' If is difficult to get !HttpAuthStore to work with WSGI when using any Account Manager version prior to acct_mgr-0.4. Upgrading is recommended.
    285 
    286 Here is an example (from the !HttpAuthStore link) using acct_mgr-0.4 for hosting a single project:
    287 {{{#!ini
    288 [components]
    289 ; be sure to enable the component
    290 acct_mgr.http.HttpAuthStore = enabled
    291 
    292 [account-manager]
    293 ; configure the plugin to use a page that is secured with http authentication
    294 authentication_url = /authFile
    295 password_store = HttpAuthStore
    296 }}}
    297 This will generally be matched with an Apache config like:
    298 {{{#!apache
    299 <Location /authFile>
    300    …HTTP authentication configuration…
    301    Require valid-user
    302 </Location>
    303 }}}
    304 Note that '''authFile''' need not exist (unless you are using Account Manager older than 0.4). See the !HttpAuthStore link above for examples where multiple Trac projects are hosted on a server.
     297=== Using CA !SiteMinder Authentication
     298
     299Setup CA !SiteMinder to protect your Trac login URL, for example `/trac/login`. Also, make sure the policy is set to include the HTTP_REMOTE_USER variable. If your site allows it, you can set this in `LocalConfig.conf`:
     300{{{#!apache
     301RemoteUserVar="WHATEVER_IT_SHOULD_BE"
     302SetRemoteUser="YES"
     303}}}
     304
     305The specific variable is site-dependent. Ask your site administrator. If your site does not allow the use of `LocalConfig.conf` for security reasons, have your site administrator set the policy on the server to set REMOTE_USER.
     306
     307Also add a !LogOffUri parameter to the agent configuration, for example `/trac/logout`.
     308
     309Then modify the trac.wsgi script generated using `trac-admin <env> deploy <dir>` to add the following lines, which extract the `HTTP_REMOTE_USER` variable and set it to `REMOTE_USER`:
     310
     311{{{#!python
     312def application(environ, start_request):
     313    # Set authenticated username on CA SiteMinder to REMOTE_USER variable
     314    # strip() is used to remove any spaces on the end of the string
     315    if 'HTTP_SM_USER' in environ:
     316        environ['REMOTE_USER'] = environ['HTTP_REMOTE_USER'].strip()
     317    ...
     318}}}
     319
     320You do not need any Apache "Location" directives.
    305321
    306322=== Example: Apache/mod_wsgi with Basic Authentication, Trac being at the root of a virtual host
    … …  
    310326 - uses Apache basic authentication for Trac authentication.
    311327
    312 If you want your Trac to be served from e.g. !http://trac.my-proj.my-site.org, then from the folder e.g. `/home/trac-for-my-proj`, if you used the command `trac-admin the-env initenv` to create a folder `the-env`, and you used `trac-admin the-env deploy the-deploy` to create a folder `the-deploy`, then first:
     328If you want your Trac to be served from eg !http://trac.my-proj.my-site.org, then from the folder eg `/home/trac-for-my-proj`, if you used the command `trac-admin the-env initenv` to create a folder `the-env`, and you used `trac-admin the-env deploy the-deploy` to create a folder `the-deploy`, then first:
    313329
    314330Create the htpasswd file:
    … …  
    319335htpasswd htpasswd seconduser
    320336}}}
     337
    321338Keep the file above your document root for security reasons.
    322339
    323 Create this file e.g. (ubuntu) `/etc/apache2/sites-enabled/trac.my-proj.my-site.org.conf` with the following content:
     340Create this file for example `/etc/apache2/sites-enabled/trac.my-proj.my-site.org.conf` on Ubuntu with the following content:
    324341
    325342{{{#!apache
    … …  
    344361}}}
    345362
    346 Note: for subdomains to work you would probably also need to alter `/etc/hosts` and add A-Records to your host's DNS.
     363For subdomains to work you would probably also need to alter `/etc/hosts` and add A-Records to your host's DNS.
    347364
    348365== Troubleshooting
    … …  
    350367=== Use a recent version
    351368
    352 Please use either version 1.6, 2.4 or later of `mod_wsgi`. Versions prior to 2.4 in the 2.X branch have problems with some Apache configurations that use WSGI file wrapper extension. This extension is used in Trac to serve up attachments and static media files such as style sheets. If you are affected by this problem, attachments will appear to be empty and formatting of HTML pages will appear not to work due to style sheet files not loading properly. Another frequent symptom is that binary attachment downloads are truncated. See mod_wsgi tickets [http://code.google.com/p/modwsgi/issues/detail?id=100 #100] and [http://code.google.com/p/modwsgi/issues/detail?id=132 #132].
    353 
    354 ''Note: using mod_wsgi 2.5 and Python 2.6.1 gave an Internal Server Error on my system (Apache 2.2.11 and Trac 0.11.2.1). Upgrading to Python 2.6.2 (as suggested [http://www.mail-archive.com/modwsgi@googlegroups.com/msg01917.html here]) solved this for me[[BR]]-- Graham Shanks''
     369Please use either version 1.6, 2.4 or later of `mod_wsgi`. Versions prior to 2.4 in the 2.X branch have problems with some Apache configurations that use WSGI file wrapper extension. This extension is used in Trac to serve up attachments and static media files such as style sheets. If you are affected by this problem, attachments will appear to be empty and formatting of HTML pages will appear not to work due to style sheet files not loading properly. Another frequent symptom is that binary attachment downloads are truncated. See mod_wsgi tickets [https://code.google.com/archive/p/modwsgi/issues/100 #100] and [https://code.google.com/archive/p/modwsgi/issues/132 #132].
     370
     371'''Note''': using mod_wsgi 2.5 and Python 2.6.1 gave an Internal Server Error on my system (Apache 2.2.11 and Trac 0.11.2.1). Upgrading to Python 2.6.2 (as suggested [https://www.mail-archive.com/modwsgi@googlegroups.com/msg01917.html here]) solved this for me[[BR]]-- Graham Shanks
    355372
    356373If you plan to use `mod_wsgi` in embedded mode on Windows or with the MPM worker on Linux, then you will need version 3.4 or greater. See [trac:#10675] for details.
    … …  
    358375=== Getting Trac to work nicely with SSPI and 'Require Group'
    359376
    360 If you have set Trac up on Apache, Win32 and configured SSPI, but added a 'Require group' option to your apache configuration, then the SSPIOmitDomain option is probably not working. If it is not working, your usernames in Trac probably look like 'DOMAIN\user' rather than 'user'.
    361 
    362 This WSGI script 'fixes' that:
     377If you have set Trac up on Apache, Win32 and configured SSPI, but added a 'Require group' option to your Apache configuration, then the SSPIOmitDomain option is probably not working. If it is not working, your usernames in Trac probably look like 'DOMAIN\user' rather than 'user'.
     378
     379This WSGI script fixes that:
    363380{{{#!python
    364381import os
    … …  
    396413Now Trac drops the connection after serving a page and the connection count on the database will be kept low.
    397414
    398 //This is not a recommended approach though. See also the notes at the bottom of the [http://code.google.com/p/modwsgi/wiki/IntegrationWithTrac mod_wsgi's IntegrationWithTrac] wiki page.//
     415//This is not a recommended approach though. See also the notes at the bottom of the [https://code.google.com/archive/p/modwsgi/wikis/IntegrationWithTrac.wiki mod_wsgi's IntegrationWithTrac] wiki page.//
     416
     417=== Missing Headers and Footers
     418
     419If python optimizations are enabled, then headers and footers will not be rendered. An error will be raised in Trac 1.0.11 and later when optimizations are enabled.
     420
     421In your WSGI configuration file, the `WSGIPythonOptimize` setting must be set to `0` (`1` or `2` will not work):
     422
     423{{{#!apache
     424    WSGIPythonOptimize 0
     425}}}
     426
     427On Ubuntu, the WSGI mod configuration is at `/etc/apache2/mods-enabled/wsgi.conf`.
     428
     429The same issue is seen with `PythonOptimize On` in [TracModPython#Pagelayoutissues ModPython].
    399430
    400431=== Other resources
    401432
    402 For more troubleshooting tips, see also the [TracModPython#Troubleshooting mod_python troubleshooting] section, as most Apache-related issues are quite similar, plus discussion of potential [http://code.google.com/p/modwsgi/wiki/ApplicationIssues application issues] when using mod_wsgi. The wsgi page also has a [http://code.google.com/p/modwsgi/wiki/IntegrationWithTrac Integration With Trac] document.
     433For more troubleshooting tips, see also the [TracModPython#Troubleshooting mod_python troubleshooting] section, as most Apache-related issues are quite similar, plus discussion of potential [https://code.google.com/archive/p/modwsgi/wikis/ApplicationIssues.wiki application issues] when using mod_wsgi. The wsgi page also has a [https://code.google.com/archive/p/modwsgi/wikis/IntegrationWithTrac.wiki Integration With Trac] document.
    403434
    404435----